{"id":3648,"date":"2017-09-28T08:30:43","date_gmt":"2017-09-27T22:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=3648"},"modified":"2023-08-06T15:43:29","modified_gmt":"2023-08-06T05:43:29","slug":"commercial-drones-privatising-air-power","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/","title":{"rendered":"Commercial drones: Privatising air power"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/tag\/peter-layton\/\">PETER LAYTON<\/a>\u00a0|<\/p>\n<p>In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of small,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/armamentresearch.com\/special-report-no-2-emerging-unmanned-threats\/\">low-cost, commercial-off-the-shelf drones<\/a>, armed non-state actors are now also able to employ air power.\u00a0Today, the leading armed non-state group operating such hobbyist drones is the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) but others are following close behind. Air power has now been privatised.<\/p>\n<p>ISIS interest in drones\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ctc.usma.edu\/posts\/remotely-piloted-innovation-terrorism-drones-and-supportive-technology\">goes back to 2013<\/a>\u00a0(before the group officially formed). It gradually acquired various rotary and fixed-wing hobbyist drones and, trialling to determine the most useful, formed a drone unit. Today the most common type of ISIS drones are of Chinese origin, in particular\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/technology\/2017\/01\/drones-isis\/134542\/\">the DJI Phantom quadcopter<\/a>\u00a0drones, but the fixed wing\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dronecenter.bard.edu\/files\/2016\/12\/Drones-in-Iraq-and-Syria-CSD.pdf\">X-UAV Talon and Skywalker X8 FPV<\/a>\u00a0types are also common. The source is unsurprising given that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.recode.net\/2017\/4\/14\/14690576\/drone-market-share-growth-charts-dji-forecast\">Chinese firms dominate<\/a>\u00a0the hobbyist drone market.<\/p>\n<p>The first definite indication of ISIS using such drones was a YouTube video that appeared in August 2014\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibtimes.com\/does-isis-have-drones-propaganda-footage-shows-aerial-view-syrian-raqqa-army-base-video-1668474\">showing footage<\/a>\u00a0taken from an ISIS quadcopter flying a reconnaissance mission over a Syrian Air Base near Raqqah. The mission detected several entry paths that were later used by ISIS ground forces to capture the base. Later, during the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dronebusiness.center\/isis-gets-a-drone-12794\/\">siege of Kobane<\/a>, quadcopters located artillery and mortar targets and corrected their fall of shot. The quadcopters also undertook dedicated information operation missions to provide high quality footage for propaganda videos. More recently, ISIS has made\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ctc.usma.edu\/posts\/defeat-by-annihilation-mobility-and-attrition-in-the-islamic-states-defense-of-mosul\">extensive use of hobbyist drones<\/a>\u00a0in the battle for Mosul, especially when defending inner-city areas.<\/p>\n<p>ISIS combined-arms tactics often incorporate suicide bombers ramming an explosive-laden car or truck into a carefully selected target, such as an important building or a defended checkpoint. When this was countered in Mosul\u2019s urban areas by blockading the main streets with rubble or wrecked vehicles, ISIS responded by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.army.gov.au\/our-future\/blog\/land-combat\/immediate-lessons-from-the-battle-of-mosul\">integrating \u00a0drones<\/a>\u00a0into the suicide car-bomb attacks. The drones provided real-time reconnaissance video that was used to guide the car bombs through narrow side streets, avoiding defensive roadblocks to reach their designated targets. The high-definition video imagery of the attack taken by the quadcopter was then quickly uploaded to the internet for propaganda purposes.<\/p>\n<p>Please click here to read the full <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lowyinstitute.org\/the-interpreter\/commercial-drones-privitising-air-power\">&#8220;Commercial drones: Privatising air power&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0article published at The Lowy Interpreter,\u00a0written by Griffith Asia Institute Visiting Fellow, Dr Peter Layton.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of small,\u00a0low-cost, commercial-off-the-shelf drones, armed non-state actors are now also able to employ air power.\u00a0Today, the leading armed non-state group operating such hobbyist drones is the Islamic State of Iraq<a href=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;Commercial drones: Privatising air power&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":3649,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[233,1057],"tags":[611,641,581,640,1082],"class_list":["post-3648","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feature-series","category-security","tag-drones","tag-firepower-warfare","tag-middle-east","tag-other-peoples-air-power","tag-peter-layton"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Jill Moriarty","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Commercial drones: Privatising air power | Griffith Asia Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Commercial drones: Privatising air power | Griffith Asia Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Griffith Asia Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-09-27T22:30:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-06T05:43:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/09\/commercial-drones-900x500.jpg?fit=900%2C510&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"510\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Griffith Asia Institute\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@GAIGriffith\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@GAIGriffith\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Griffith Asia Institute\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/8121b8aa336749474cbaca380c03029a\"},\"headline\":\"Commercial drones: Privatising air power\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-09-27T22:30:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-06T05:43:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\"},\"wordCount\":394,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Drones\",\"Firepower warfare\",\"Middle East\",\"Other peoples' air power\",\"Peter Layton\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Feature series\",\"Topic-Security\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\",\"name\":\"Commercial drones: Privatising air power | Griffith Asia Insights\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2017-09-27T22:30:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-06T05:43:29+00:00\",\"description\":\"PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Commercial drones: Privatising air power\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/\",\"name\":\"Griffith Asia Insights\",\"description\":\"Asia Insights is published by the Griffith Asia Institute. It offers latest commentary on Asia-Pacific affairs and aims to inform and foster academic scholarship, public awareness and considered and responsive policy making.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1\",\"width\":2930,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/GAIGriffith\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/8121b8aa336749474cbaca380c03029a\",\"name\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f133de65681da3b20ddbc1917f066f458d355d7dfa1f214b10ff4bd135d5ab6c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f133de65681da3b20ddbc1917f066f458d355d7dfa1f214b10ff4bd135d5ab6c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/author\/gaigriffith-edu-au\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Commercial drones: Privatising air power | Griffith Asia Insights","description":"PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Commercial drones: Privatising air power | Griffith Asia Insights","og_description":"PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of","og_url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/","og_site_name":"Griffith Asia Insights","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/","article_published_time":"2017-09-27T22:30:43+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-08-06T05:43:29+00:00","og_image":[{"width":900,"height":510,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/09\/commercial-drones-900x500.jpg?fit=900%2C510&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Griffith Asia Institute","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@GAIGriffith","twitter_site":"@GAIGriffith","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Griffith Asia Institute","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/"},"author":{"name":"Griffith Asia Institute","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/8121b8aa336749474cbaca380c03029a"},"headline":"Commercial drones: Privatising air power","datePublished":"2017-09-27T22:30:43+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-06T05:43:29+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/"},"wordCount":394,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization"},"keywords":["Drones","Firepower warfare","Middle East","Other peoples' air power","Peter Layton"],"articleSection":["Feature series","Topic-Security"],"inLanguage":"en-AU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/","name":"Commercial drones: Privatising air power | Griffith Asia Insights","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#website"},"datePublished":"2017-09-27T22:30:43+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-06T05:43:29+00:00","description":"PETER LAYTON\u00a0| In irregular wars, the state has traditionally had a monopoly on the use of air power. This has now been overturned.\u00a0With the rise of","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-AU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/commercial-drones-privatising-air-power\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Commercial drones: Privatising air power"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#website","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/","name":"Griffith Asia Insights","description":"Asia Insights is published by the Griffith Asia Institute. It offers latest commentary on Asia-Pacific affairs and aims to inform and foster academic scholarship, public awareness and considered and responsive policy making.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-AU"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization","name":"Griffith Asia Institute","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-AU","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1","width":2930,"height":308,"caption":"Griffith Asia Institute"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/","https:\/\/twitter.com\/GAIGriffith"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/8121b8aa336749474cbaca380c03029a","name":"Griffith Asia Institute","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-AU","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f133de65681da3b20ddbc1917f066f458d355d7dfa1f214b10ff4bd135d5ab6c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f133de65681da3b20ddbc1917f066f458d355d7dfa1f214b10ff4bd135d5ab6c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Griffith Asia Institute"},"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/author\/gaigriffith-edu-au\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/09\/commercial-drones-900x500.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"featured_image_thumbnail_url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/09\/commercial-drones-900x500.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3648","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3648"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3648\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3649"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}