{"id":4933,"date":"2018-10-26T08:30:25","date_gmt":"2018-10-25T22:30:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=4933"},"modified":"2018-10-26T05:56:50","modified_gmt":"2018-10-25T19:56:50","slug":"compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/","title":{"rendered":"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the individual, from gathering information about the different candidates all the way to the time and effort it takes to go turn up at the voting booth. Despite the meaning of voting and the costs it involves, significant numbers of people cast \u2018invalid votes\u2019. Invalid means that these votes are either blank, meaning that the person has not made their tick for any of the candidates, or they are spoilt. People spoil their votes by filling out the ballot incorrectly, by writing in candidates that do not run in their constituency or \u2018none of the above\u2019, and some spoil their ballot by drawing pictures or writing obscenities on their ballot.<\/p>\n<p>In our article, published by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/13510347.2018.1524879\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Democratization<\/a>, we report the results of a global study of invalid votes. While the motivation for individuals to cast an invalid vote might differ widely, we wanted to know whether there are systematic conditions that increase how many invalid votes are cast. But first, how widespread is the problem?<\/p>\n<p>Please click here to read the full &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/countingcountsblog.wordpress.com\/2018\/10\/24\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/\">Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries<\/a>&#8221; article\u00a0 published at Counting Counts, written by Griffith Asia Institute and Center for Governance and Public Policy Research Fellow, Dr Ferran Martinez i Coma,\u00a0 and Center for Governance and Public Policy Research Fellow, Dr Annika Werner.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the individual, from gathering information about the different candidates all the way to the time and effort it takes to go turn up at the voting booth. Despite the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":4934,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[233],"tags":[848,551,642,849],"class_list":["post-4933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feature-series","tag-dr-annika-werner","tag-dr-ferran-martinez-i-coma","tag-election","tag-invalid-votes"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Jill Moriarty","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries | Griffith Asia Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries | Griffith Asia Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Griffith Asia Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-10-25T22:30:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg?fit=900%2C500&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jill Moriarty\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@GAIGriffith\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@GAIGriffith\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jill Moriarty\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jill Moriarty\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/82294f30aa8432b420ff192a85ca5394\"},\"headline\":\"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-25T22:30:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":271,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Dr Annika Werner\",\"Dr Ferran Martinez i Coma\",\"Election\",\"Invalid votes\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Feature series\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/\",\"name\":\"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries | Griffith Asia Insights\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-25T22:30:25+00:00\",\"description\":\"Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg\",\"width\":900,\"height\":500,\"caption\":\"Photo credit: Australian Electoral Commission\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/\",\"name\":\"Griffith Asia Insights\",\"description\":\"Asia Insights is published by the Griffith Asia Institute. It offers latest commentary on Asia-Pacific affairs and aims to inform and foster academic scholarship, public awareness and considered and responsive policy making.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1\",\"width\":2930,\"height\":308,\"caption\":\"Griffith Asia Institute\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/griffithasiainstitute\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/GAIGriffith\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/82294f30aa8432b420ff192a85ca5394\",\"name\":\"Jill Moriarty\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-AU\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/3e0bae768d28081ec2b419f093919cd4ca77b5d862d4446eceb1a131b0627d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/3e0bae768d28081ec2b419f093919cd4ca77b5d862d4446eceb1a131b0627d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/3e0bae768d28081ec2b419f093919cd4ca77b5d862d4446eceb1a131b0627d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jill Moriarty\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\\\/asiainsights\\\/author\\\/s2126353\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries | Griffith Asia Insights","description":"Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries | Griffith Asia Insights","og_description":"Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the","og_url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/","og_site_name":"Griffith Asia Insights","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/","article_published_time":"2018-10-25T22:30:25+00:00","og_image":[{"width":900,"height":500,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg?fit=900%2C500&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Jill Moriarty","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@GAIGriffith","twitter_site":"@GAIGriffith","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Jill Moriarty","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/"},"author":{"name":"Jill Moriarty","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/82294f30aa8432b420ff192a85ca5394"},"headline":"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries","datePublished":"2018-10-25T22:30:25+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/"},"wordCount":271,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg","keywords":["Dr Annika Werner","Dr Ferran Martinez i Coma","Election","Invalid votes"],"articleSection":["Feature series"],"inLanguage":"en-AU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/","name":"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries | Griffith Asia Insights","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg","datePublished":"2018-10-25T22:30:25+00:00","description":"Voting is the most fundamental way for citizens to influence who gets to govern their country. At the same time, voting comes with certain costs for the","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-AU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-AU","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg","width":900,"height":500,"caption":"Photo credit: Australian Electoral Commission"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/compulsory-voting-and-ethnic-diversity-increase-invalid-voting-while-corruption-does-not-an-analysis-of-417-parliamentary-elections-in-73-countries\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Compulsory voting and ethnic diversity increase invalid voting while corruption does not: An analysis of 417 parliamentary elections in 73 countries"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#website","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/","name":"Griffith Asia Insights","description":"Asia Insights is published by the Griffith Asia Institute. It offers latest commentary on Asia-Pacific affairs and aims to inform and foster academic scholarship, public awareness and considered and responsive policy making.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-AU"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#organization","name":"Griffith Asia Institute","url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-AU","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/GU_Griffith-Asia-Institute_rgb_red_horizontal.png?fit=2930%2C308&ssl=1","width":2930,"height":308,"caption":"Griffith Asia Institute"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/griffithasiainstitute\/","https:\/\/x.com\/GAIGriffith"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/#\/schema\/person\/82294f30aa8432b420ff192a85ca5394","name":"Jill Moriarty","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-AU","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3e0bae768d28081ec2b419f093919cd4ca77b5d862d4446eceb1a131b0627d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3e0bae768d28081ec2b419f093919cd4ca77b5d862d4446eceb1a131b0627d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3e0bae768d28081ec2b419f093919cd4ca77b5d862d4446eceb1a131b0627d40?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jill Moriarty"},"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/author\/s2126353\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":9957,"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/southeast-asia-snapshot-57-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":4933,"position":0},"title":"Southeast Asia snapshot #57","author":"Griffith Asia Institute","date":"6 September 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"SOVINDA PO | In this week's Southeast Asia snapshot, Sovinda Po looks at the election of Thailand's new Prime Minister while Singapore gears up for its upcoming Presidential election. Meanshile US, Japan, Australia and the Philippines conduct joint naval drills, highlighting the importance of maintaining strong alliances and fostering regional\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Region | Indonesia and Southeast Asia&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Region | Indonesia and Southeast Asia","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/category\/indonesia-and-southeast-asia\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Southeast Asia snapshot banner showing a map of Asia Pacific with lines of networks as an overlay.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/06\/sea-snapshot-900x500-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/06\/sea-snapshot-900x500-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/06\/sea-snapshot-900x500-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/06\/sea-snapshot-900x500-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10429,"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/pacific-outlook-bulletin-10-january\/","url_meta":{"origin":4933,"position":1},"title":"Pacific Outlook Bulletin | 10 January","author":"Griffith Asia Institute","date":"10 January 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"TESS NEWTON CAIN\u00a0 |\u00a0 Heine returns as President of RMI Further to last year\u2019s elections the Nitijela convened last week and confirmed Dr Hilda Heine as the tenth President of the Republic of Marshall Islands. This is Heine\u2019s second term in the office, having previously served as President for the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Commentary&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Commentary","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/category\/publication\/commentary\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Griffith University Pacific Outlook banner - map of the Pacific region over a beach background.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/pacific-outlook-banner-900x500-copy-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/pacific-outlook-banner-900x500-copy-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/pacific-outlook-banner-900x500-copy-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/05\/pacific-outlook-banner-900x500-copy-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6425,"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/the-rise-of-sophisticated-authoritarianism-in-south-east-asia\/","url_meta":{"origin":4933,"position":2},"title":"The rise of sophisticated authoritarianism in South East Asia","author":"Griffith Asia Institute","date":"23 September 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"With a majority of countries in South East Asia currently under autocratic leadership and little history of liberal democracy in the region, Dr Lee Morgenbesser has found that the region\u2019s penchant for authoritarianism is stable and the level of sophistication is increasing \u2013 which is a concern for champions of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Region | Indonesia and Southeast Asia&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Region | Indonesia and Southeast Asia","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/category\/indonesia-and-southeast-asia\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/09\/EE3WjYlU8AABldT.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/09\/EE3WjYlU8AABldT.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/09\/EE3WjYlU8AABldT.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/09\/EE3WjYlU8AABldT.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10648,"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/digital-technologies-vis-a-vis-trade-in-pacific-island-countries\/","url_meta":{"origin":4933,"position":3},"title":"Digital technologies vis- \u00e0-vis trade in Pacific island countries\u00a0","author":"Griffith Asia Institute","date":"28 March 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"KELERA ROGOIRUWAI AND KALOLAINI RANADI\u00a0 |\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction\u00a0 International trade is critical to a country's economic and social well-being. Advanced economies continue to leverage digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotics, big data, and networks to transform production, meet external demands and boost growth. On the other hand, Pacific\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Commentary&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Commentary","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/category\/publication\/commentary\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Pacific islander technical workers","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/03\/5-Digital-tech-trade.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/03\/5-Digital-tech-trade.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/03\/5-Digital-tech-trade.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/03\/5-Digital-tech-trade.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10589,"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/voices-of-ni-vanuatu-handicraft-livelihoods-in-the-face-of-disasters-in-vanuatu\/","url_meta":{"origin":4933,"position":4},"title":"Voices of ni-Vanuatu handicraft livelihoods in the face of disasters in Vanuatu","author":"Griffith Asia Institute","date":"8 February 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"ROSS WESTOBY, RACHEL CLISSOLD, KAREN McNAMARA AND VIVIANE OBED Before COVID-19, tourism in Vanuatu accounted for 34.7 per cent of the country\u2019s national GDP and employed 36 per cent of the population directly or indirectly. While borders are now open again, tourism numbers will take time to reach pre-pandemic levels,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Pillar 2: Livelihoods and culture&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Pillar 2: Livelihoods and culture","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/category\/publication\/feature-series\/pacific-outlook-feature-series\/livelihoods-culture\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Group of ni-Vanuatu women weaving mats.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/vanuatu-handicraft-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/vanuatu-handicraft-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/vanuatu-handicraft-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/vanuatu-handicraft-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6158,"url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/philippine-australian-relations-connecting-the-spokes\/","url_meta":{"origin":4933,"position":5},"title":"Philippine-Australian Relations: Connecting the Spokes","author":"Griffith Asia Institute","date":"29 July 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"CAITLIN BYRNE\u00a0 |\u00a0 The Philippine-Australian relationship has a long history of bilateral cooperation. Since diplomatic relations were established in 1946 the two countries have had strong people-to-people links, sustained development cooperation, deep economic ties and robust security cooperation. The Griffith Asia Institute and its partner Asia Pacific Pathways to Progress\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Photo Gallery&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Photo Gallery","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/category\/events\/photo-gallery\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/PH-Aus5.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/PH-Aus5.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/PH-Aus5.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/PH-Aus5.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/PH-Aus5.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"featured_image_thumbnail_url":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/10\/Vote-Counting-Australian-Electoral-Commission-900x500.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4933"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4933\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}