{"id":4999,"date":"2018-11-08T13:00:12","date_gmt":"2018-11-08T03:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=4999"},"modified":"2023-08-07T08:27:33","modified_gmt":"2023-08-06T22:27:33","slug":"the-rise-and-rise-of-asias-cities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/the-rise-and-rise-of-asias-cities\/","title":{"rendered":"The rise and rise of Asia’s cities"},"content":{"rendered":"

SUSAN HARRIS RIMMER<\/a> AND CHURUKA EKANAYAKE |<\/p>\n

Why Focus on Cities?<\/strong><\/p>\n

On 12 March 2013, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Chair of the Cities Climate Leadership Group (C40), tweeted: \u2018While nations talk, cities act\u2019. Amidst trends in global urbanisation, cities are not only on the rise, but are evolving into serious global actors. Nowhere is this trend more striking than in Australia\u2019s neighbourhood\u2014the Asia Pacific\u2014 where many of the world\u2019s largest cities are emerging, with significant implications for the evolving policy dynamics of the region.<\/p>\n

Sitting on the frontline of political, economic, social, and environmental challenges and innovation, cities today are engaged in global policy agendas. They are increasingly negotiating agreements, engaging global networks, and attracting the attention of multilateral actors from the UN to the World Bank.<\/p>\n

City leaders and mayors are more frequently recognised as global figures with expanding political influence, responsibility, and ambition. They are actively challenging the state-centric nature of international law, trade, and diplomacy, and shaping global norms. Take the example of Chicago and Mexico City mayors entering into a path-breaking city-to-city trade agreement (Global Cities Economic Partnership) in 2013. Closer to home, the sports partnership signed in 2018 between Tom Tate, Mayor of the City of Gold Coast, and Prime Minister O\u2019Neill of Papua New Guinea offers another timely example.<\/p>\n

Cities as Global Actors<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cities around the world are establishing \u201cForeign Affairs\u201d or \u201cInternational Relations\u201d offices to develop their foreign policy initiatives and transnational relations with other cities, non-governmental and inter-governmental organisations, and nation states. The City of New York has gone a step further, appointing a quasi-ambassador, the Commissioner for International Affairs, Penny Abeywardena, to lead its diplomatic engagements.<\/p>\n

Today\u2019s \u201cworld cities\u201d are adept at entering into international agreements, including with each other. MoUs are the instruments of choice, rather than treaties; declaratory rather than legally binding.<\/p>\n

Power Hubs of Asia<\/strong><\/p>\n

According to the 2015 State of Asian and Pacific Cities<\/em> report, between 1980 and 2010, the cities across the Asia-Pacific grew by around one billion people, and are expected to grow a further one billion by 2040. Half of the region\u2019s population will be urban by the end of 2018. Rural areas are entering a period of overall population decline. By 2050, cities in China and India alone will have grown by an additional 696 million\u2014India by 404 million and China by 292 million. The region is now home to 17 mega-cities, including the world\u2019s three largest: Tokyo, Delhi and Shanghai. By 2030, the region may have 22 mega-cities, some of these merging into mega-regions.<\/p>\n

But what do we know of these rising Asian cities? What do we know about the international ambitions of Asian world cities, and how they might be realised?<\/p>\n

Asia\u2019s cities and their leaders may well come to shape the rules of Australia\u2019s neighbourhood. Emerging Asian cities are the focal points for the forces of globalism, urbanisation, and decentralisation in our region. At the same time, they are contributing to regional and global problems and instabilities due to the rapid nature of their growth.<\/p>\n

Cities and Australian Foreign Policy<\/strong><\/p>\n

The relentless trend towards urbanisation poses new opportunities for the Australian economy. Growing Asian cities are likely to sustain a need for Australian minerals and energy. Across Asia, rising middle classes will look to Australia as a source of premium agricultural products, education, tourism, health and aged care, and financial services. People and ideas will be increasingly fluid across the region as they pursue better investment opportunities, education destinations, and new travel experiences. On many levels the outlook for Australia is positive. But the rise of cities also brings deeper complexity and raises the prospect of new challenges and risks.<\/p>\n

The increased movement of people, including refugees and those internally displaced, will add to social and economic pressures on cities while raising significant human rights responsibilities.<\/p>\n

Increasing numbers will seriously test the capacity of city infrastructure and the delivery of key services\u2014all while the potential for inequality, exploitation, and oppression looms large.<\/p>\n

Understanding Cities<\/strong><\/p>\n

Australia needs to map and assess the implications of Asian cities as diplomatic actors and their impact on global governance as a matter of urgency. Asian world cities will most likely become cultural and financial hubs and prime sites of nation-branding. Early signs suggest that they will seek to develop a global reach and reputation, and to be attractive and well-connected to the flows of capital, information, business, and labour.<\/p>\n

As the urban population continues to increase, cities may come to offer innovative forms of governance on issues such as human rights, inequality and the rule of law.<\/p>\n

For Australia, deeper engagement with Asia\u2019s cities presents opportunities for greater strategic influence within the region. For as the C40 website argues: \u2018cities are where the future happens first\u2019.<\/p>\n

AUTHORS<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/strong>Susan Harris Rimmer<\/strong> is an Australian Research Council Future Fellow and Associate Professor at Griffith University Law School, Brisbane Australia. She is author of Gender and Transitional Justice (Routledge 2010) and over 40 refereed works on women\u2019s rights and international law. Susan was Australia\u2019s representative to the UN Commission on the Status of Women in 2014, and the W20 (gender equity advice to the G20) in Turkey 2014, China 2016, and Germany 2017. She is a National Board member of the International Women\u2019s Development Agency. Sue was named in the Apolitical list of Top 100 Global Experts in Gender Policy in May 2018.<\/div>\n

\"\"Charuka Ekanayake<\/strong> is currently reading for his PhD in law at Griffith Law School, Australia. He also holds a Bachelor of Laws from the Queen Mary University, the United Kingdom and Master of Laws degrees from the United Nations Inter\u2013regional Crime and Justice Research Institute, Italy and the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Charuka\u2019s research interests include human rights law, public international law and the law of international organisations. He is a member of the Law Futures Centre, Griffith Law School, researching how cities become actors in the international arena. He is also a Research Assistant at the Institute for Ethics, Governance and Law (Griffith University). Charuka is enrolled in the Bar of Sri Lanka and the Law Society, New South Wales, Australia.<\/p>\n

This article is an edited version of a paper in the 2018 State of the Neighbourhood<\/a> report and is also published on the Committee for Economic Development of Australia (CEDA)<\/a> website.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SUSAN HARRIS RIMMER AND CHURUKA EKANAYAKE | Why Focus on Cities? On 12 March 2013, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Chair of the Cities Climate Leadership Group (C40), tweeted: \u2018While nations talk, cities act\u2019. Amidst trends in global urbanisation, cities are not only on the rise, but are evolving into serious global actors. NowhereContinue reading “The rise and rise of Asia’s cities”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":5004,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[233,245,246,247],"tags":[856,855,1419],"class_list":["post-4999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feature-series","category-china-and-north-east-asia","category-india-and-south-asia","category-indonesia-and-southeast-asia","tag-asian-cities","tag-charuka-ekanayake","tag-susan-harris-rimmer"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Jill Moriarty","yoast_head":"\nThe rise and rise of Asia's cities | Griffith Asia Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SUSAN HARRIS RIMMER AND CHURUKA EKANAYAKE | Why Focus on Cities? 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