{"id":6273,"date":"2019-08-16T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-08-15T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=6273"},"modified":"2019-10-28T14:27:03","modified_gmt":"2019-10-28T04:27:03","slug":"regional-wrap-33","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/regional-wrap-33\/","title":{"rendered":"Regional wrap"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The past fortnight was marked by not one but two history-defining international events in different theatres of the Indo-Pacific: one in South Asia and the other in Hong Kong. The Indian government announced the <a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/politics-and-nation\/russia-1st-p-5-nation-to-formally-state-article-370-indias-internal-matter\/articleshow\/70614723.cms?utm_source=twitter_app&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_campaign=socialsharebuttons\">amendment of Article 370<\/a> of the Indian Constitution, ending the special status of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state has also been bifurcated into two union territories, Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh, although this is said to be a temporary measure for the former.<\/p>\n<p>Earlier this fortnight, India evacuated tourists from Kashmir and built up a massive military presence in Jammu and Kashmir, shutting down all communication and internet services and placed local politicians under house-arrest. The motion to revoke Article 370 was then introduced and passed in the Indian parliament and approved by the President of India on the 5<sup>th<\/sup> of August. Since 1947, the state of Jammu and Kashmir had enjoyed a special autonomous status under the Indian Constitution in all matters except finance, defence, foreign policy and communications.<\/p>\n<p>Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in his speech to the nation after the announcement of the decision, said that the constitution had been amended to integrate Jammu and Kashmir fully within the Indian Union and to allow the region to develop. Pakistan has reacted angrily and called it a unilateral and illegal measure. It has approached the UN Security Council twice this week and is trying to gain international support to stop India from effecting this change. Most nations, including the US, have affirmed that this is India\u2019s internal matter though Russia is so far the only P-5 nation to <a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/politics-and-nation\/russia-1st-p-5-nation-to-formally-state-article-370-indias-internal-matter\/articleshow\/70614723.cms?utm_source=twitter_app&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_campaign=socialsharebuttons\">officially<\/a> state it. The abruptness of the decision and the heavy-handed method of orchestration has led to widespread criticism from all quarters; India, on the other hand, justifies it on national security grounds.<\/p>\n<p>China, meanwhile, has called for a UN Security Council intervention to discuss the matter. Last week, Beijing responded negatively to India\u2019s announcement, especially with regard to the move\u2019s implications for Aksai Chin, the part of Kashmir that it claims sovereignty over. Indian External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar visited China this week and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/india\/story\/ladakh-ut-involves-our-territory-china-foreign-minister-wang-jaishankar-1580357-2019-08-13\">clarified<\/a> that the decision has \u2018no implication for either the external boundaries of India or the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China\u2019, adding that \u2018India was not raising any additional territorial claims\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Talking about China and India, it\u2019s been <a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/industry\/telecom\/telecom-news\/indian-telecom-companies-may-leave-huawei-out-of-core-5g-network\/articleshow\/70636358.cms\">reported<\/a> that Indian companies are veering towards leaving Huawei out of their 5G network. China, in return, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-huawei-india-exclusive\/exclusive-china-warns-india-of-reverse-sanctions-if-huawei-is-blocked-sources-idUSKCN1UW1FF\">has promised<\/a> its own retaliatory measures if India blocked Huawei. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong are increasingly taking a deadly turn, as China prepares a military response. Latest reports say that China has deployed a large number of paramilitary forces to the Hong Kong border, purportedly to <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2019\/08\/14\/asia\/paramilitary-force-china-hong-kong-hrk-intl\/index.html\">\u2018send a message\u2019<\/a> to the protesters. This week, democracy activists staged a peaceful protest at Hong Kong airport, blocking operations for more than two days. Hong Kong airport authorities yesterday <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theaustralian.com.au\/nation\/world\/hong-kong-on-path-of-no-return-lam-warns\/news-story\/4cb12400398a2eec7e83a9a1116afed2\">banned<\/a> the demonstrations at the airport.<\/p>\n<p>Last week, China <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/business\/companies\/beijing-punishes-cathay-for-pilot-protest-in-hong-kong-20190810-p52frn.html\">issued<\/a> a notice to Cathay Pacific airlines to ban all crew who have participated in the protests from flying to mainland China and accused it of posing a \u2018safety risk\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>What began as a protest against a proposed extradition law in June has spiralled into a wider movement seeking universal suffrage and investigations into police brutality. Hong Kong\u2019s chief executive, Carrie Lam <a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2019\/08\/14\/asia\/paramilitary-force-china-hong-kong-hrk-intl\/index.html\">has apologised<\/a> for her government\u2019s handling of the crisis but has reiterated that the situation will only be resolved once law and order is restored.<\/p>\n<p>US President Donald Trump hasn\u2019t helped matters, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2019-08-02\/trump-calls-hong-kong-protests-riots-adopting-china-rhetoric\">referring<\/a> to the protests as \u2018riots\u2019 on one occasion. Meanwhile, Beijing has denied permission to two US Navy ships to dock at Hong Kong port and has warned America against interfering. At the time of writing, there are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2019\/aug\/15\/trump-touts-china-trade-deal-as-reason-for-good-man-xi-to-treat-hong-kong-humanely\">reports<\/a> that Trump has called on \u2018good man\u2019 Xi Jinping to approach Hong Kong \u2018humanely\u2019 or risk losing the trade deal. On a sidenote, Trump <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2019\/aug\/03\/donald-trump-china-tariffs-trade\">recently<\/a> imposed new tariffs worth $300 billion worth of Chinese goods. However, analysts <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lowyinstitute.org\/the-interpreter\/us-china-now-have-three-week-window-avert-trade-talks-collapse\">warn<\/a> that we\u2019re looking at a \u2018three-week window\u2019 to avoid a collapse in US-China trade negotiations due to talks being overrun by the US presidential race.<\/p>\n<p>At the time of writing, Australian Prime Minister is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-08-15\/scott-morrisons-pacific-islands-forum-climate-change-challenge\/11415832\">attending<\/a> this year\u2019s Pacific Islands Forum in Tuvalu, where the region\u2019s overwhelming concern on climate change is driving the agenda. According to latest reports, Australia has been largely successful in softening the language on climate change in the communique, from \u2018climate change crisis\u2019 to \u2018climate change reality\u2019. Moreover, Morrison has been successful in removing all but one reference to coal in the statement, drawing attention to the fault lines in Australia\u2019s \u2018Pacific Step Up\u2019, which is bent on turning a blind eye to the real threats of climate change facing the South Pacific nations. Despite the Morrison government\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2019\/aug\/12\/australia-will-fund-a-500m-climate-change-package-for-the-pacific-pm-to-announce\">announcement<\/a> of funding a $500 million climate change package to the Pacific island countries last week, Canberra\u2019s \u2018Step Up\u2019 is fast losing credibility.<\/p>\n<p>US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Secretary of Defense Mark Esper visited Australia last week, for AUSMIN meetings with their Australian counterparts. There were media <a href=\"https:\/\/www.afr.com\/politics\/federal\/unbreakable-us-wants-missiles-in-darwin-20190804-p52dqy\">reports<\/a> that the US had raised the possibility of deploying missiles in north Australia which were later <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sbs.com.au\/news\/australia-rules-out-us-missiles-in-darwin\">denied<\/a> as untrue by Prime Minister Morrison. In a telling <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2019\/aug\/04\/mike-pompeo-urges-australia-to-stand-up-for-itself-over-trade-with-china\">remark<\/a>, Pompeo declared, \u2018you can sell your soul for a pile of soy beans, or you can protect your people\u2019, implying that Australia shouldn\u2019t lose sight of its commitment to the rules based order and free and open region, in its pursuit of deeper ties with China.<\/p>\n<p>Australia joined the US and Japan in issuing a strong statement criticising China\u2019s coercion of smaller nations, militarisation of the South China Sea and unfair trade practices. While we\u2019re on the topic, Liberal MP and Chairman of the Australian Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security Andrew Hastie drew Beijing\u2019s ire this fortnight, when he wrote in an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/politics\/federal\/we-must-see-china-the-opportunities-and-the-threats-with-clear-eyes-20190807-p52eon.html\">editorial piece<\/a> about the need for Australians to recognise China\u2019s increasingly aggressive behaviour. China <a href=\"https:\/\/www.afr.com\/politics\/federal\/hastie-s-china-comments-overblown-unwelcome-20190808-p52f0f\">slammed him<\/a> for displaying \u2018Cold War thinking\u2019 and much was spoken about both <a href=\"https:\/\/www.afr.com\/politics\/federal\/in-defence-of-andrew-hastie-20190811-p52fyw\">for<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-08-08\/chinese-officials-slam-andrew-hastie-nazi-beijing-china-comments\/11395980\">against<\/a> Hastie in the Australian media and public discourse. This comes amid heightened tensions surrounding Chinese interference in Australian universities and public life in Australia. This fortnight, even New Zealand <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsroom.co.nz\/2019\/08\/07\/734342\/government-raises-interference-concerns-with-china\">objected<\/a> to incidents of Chinese interference against free speech in its country.<\/p>\n<p>Minor tensions have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/asia\/east-asia\/article\/3022241\/japan-downgrades-south-korea-security-partner-defence-white\">arisen<\/a> in Japanese-South Korean relations after Tokyo downgraded trade relations with Seoul following court rulings in South Korea calling for Japan to pay war-time labour damages. Seoul <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/cfe9cd0706484d1292de6ebf0963916b?utm_campaign=SocialFlow&amp;utm_source=Twitter&amp;utm_medium=AP\">responded<\/a> by removing Tokyo from its preferred trade list in turn.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><strong>Significance for Australia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This year has been marked by a few landmark moments that\nwill be remembered for the impact they had on the world for years to come- Balakot,\nChristchurch, Sri Lanka, and now Article 370. There\u2019s a heated debate taking\nplace around the world about what the decision will mean for the Kashmiris and\nfor the future of peace in the region. Australian policy-makers ought to keep a\nclose watch on what\u2019s happening as this is a key flashpoint in the Indo-Pacific\nregion. India\u2019s actions and China\u2019s role in the crisis will be of special\ninterest to Canberra as this will determine the course of their bilateral\nrelations as well as strategic dynamics in the long haul. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, how Xi Jinping handles the Hong Kong crisis will reveal\nthe nature of the international order that Beijing envisages. As Michael\nShoebridge <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.org.au\/how-hong-kong-plays-out-will-define-both-china-and-our-world\/\">notes<\/a>,\n\u2018It\u2019s not really about Hong Kong now, but about the future of the Chinese\nCommunist Party\u2019s rule of the multi-ethnic empire that makes up today\u2019s China,\nand about the kind of relationship Xi\u2019s state can have with other nations.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Donald Trump\u2019s indifference towards Hong Kong is also a\ncause for concern; it\u2019s widely believed that Trump is not an accident in US\npolitics but the reflection of a rising trend. If this America turns inwards\nand refuses to champion democracy and freedom of speech, and in fact, toes the\nauthoritarian countries\u2019 line on the matter, we\u2019re charting unfamiliar\nterritory. To be fair though, we\u2019ve been on this unknown path since 8<sup>th<\/sup>\nNovember 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Australia\u2019s failure to recognise the Pacific Islands\u2019 plight\non climate change will turn out to damage its Step Up immeasurably. Already,\nthese countries believe that Canberra\u2019s recent pivot towards the region has\nbeen driven not by genuine good-neighbourly relations but by a rising fear of\nChina\u2019s presence and leverage among the Pacific island countries. Unless\nAustralia takes concerted action to reduce its carbon emissions to meet the\nParis targets, it\u2019s going to lose its Pacific friends. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"label author\"><strong> AUTHOR <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aakriti Bachhawat<\/strong>&nbsp;is a Researcher with the Defence and Strategy team at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, and Research Assistant at the Griffith Asia Institute.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The past fortnight was marked by not one but two history-defining international events in different theatres of the Indo-Pacific: one in South Asia and the other in Hong Kong. The Indian government announced the amendment of Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, ending the special status of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state<a href=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/regional-wrap-33\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;Regional wrap&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":4032,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[245,246,247,248],"tags":[716,689],"class_list":["post-6273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-china-and-north-east-asia","category-india-and-south-asia","category-indonesia-and-southeast-asia","category-png-and-the-pacific","tag-aakriti-bachhawat","tag-regional-wrap"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Jill Moriarty","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - 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