{"id":6802,"date":"2020-01-13T08:30:45","date_gmt":"2020-01-12T22:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=6802"},"modified":"2023-05-04T14:57:39","modified_gmt":"2023-05-04T04:57:39","slug":"indonesias-pacific-elevation-elevating-what-and-who","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/indonesias-pacific-elevation-elevating-what-and-who\/","title":{"rendered":"Indonesia&#8217;s &#8220;Pacific elevation&#8221;: Elevating what and who?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In July 2019, at the\ninaugural Indonesian Exposition held in Auckland, New Zealand, Indonesia launched\nits \u2018Pacific Elevation\u2019, laying claim to a Pacific islands identity and touting\nits elevated engagement with the region. The event was attended by dignitaries including\nthe foreign ministers of Australia, New Zealand and Indonesia plus representatives\nfrom some Pacific island countries. &nbsp;Jakarta\nalso used the occasion to establish diplomatic relations and sign cooperation\nagreements with the Cook Islands and Niue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indonesia\u2019s Foreign Minister, Ms. Retno Marsudi described it as \u201ca new era of Pacific partnership. A \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rnz.co.nz\/international\/pacific-news\/394434\/indonesia-s-pacific-elevation-step-up-or-power-play\">Pacific Elevation<\/a>\u2019.\u201d &nbsp;Jakarta used the occasion to peddle its claim that Indonesia is culturally and ethnically linked to the Pacific islands. Ms Marsudi said that she \u201csaw Polynesian and Melanesian faces that would not be out of place all over Indonesia.\u201d Indonesia\u2019s Ambassador to New Zealand, Mr Tantowi Yahya, asked those from Papua, Maluku, and East Nusa Tenggara to stand up as he said to the crowd, \u201cLook at them. They 100 per cent look like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rnz.co.nz\/international\/pacific-news\/394434\/indonesia-s-pacific-elevation-step-up-or-power-play\">you<\/a>.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indonesia is laying claim to\na Pacific islands identity by presenting itself as a Pacific island country and\ntherefore asserting a right to be engaged in and influence in the region. But why\ndoes Indonesia claim to be a Pacific island country? What does Indonesia\u2019s\n\u2018Pacific Elevation\u2019 mean for the region? Who and what is being elevated? What\nunderlies this relationship? How does Oceania fit into Indonesia\u2019s foreign\npolicy agenda? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These are a few of the many\nquestions that Pacific island countries should consider as they engage with\nJakarta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Central to the Pacific\nElevation are two issues: trade and West Papua. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indonesia\u2019s trade with Pacific island countries is currently worth around Aus$656 million. Jakarta aims to increase it. In an opinion column in <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thejakartapost.com\/amp\/academia\/2019\/03\/21\/new-era-of-indonesia-south-pacific-engagement.html?__twitter_impression=true\">The Jakarta Post<\/a><\/em> on March 21 2019, which was published at the time of the <a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/economy\/policy\/indoensia-puts-meat-into-indo-pacific-agenda-launches-south-pacific-forum\/articleshow\/68513814.cms?from=mdr\">Indonesia-South Pacific Forum<\/a> (ISPF) meeting in Jakarta, Ms Marsudi highlighted the negotiations for Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) with Papua New Guinea and Fiji. Ms Marsudi says, \u201cThe PTAs are expected to transform our similar sociocultural traits, historical traditions and political partnership into concrete economic benefits for the peoples of Indonesia and the South Pacific.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, concealed in its\nclaim to a Pacific Islands identity is an issue that has long been a thorn in Indonesia\u2019s\nsandal, but a gem in its bank account: West Papua. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jakarta is determined to\nquell discussions about West Papua amongst Pacific islanders. In the past two\ndecades, there has been an increasing awareness of the human rights abuses and\natrocities committed by the Indonesian state against indigenous Melanesian West\nPapuans since the 1960s. Many Pacific islanders support indigenous West\nPapuans\u2019 demands for the Indonesian state to be held accountable and for\nself-determination to be considered. This is even if their governments have\ndifferent policies or are indifferent to the issue. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, when the Melanesians were showcased at the Auckland event, what the Indonesian Foreign Minister and Ambassador conveniently glossed over was the fact that West Papuans have been abused and marginalised; their lands have been alienated, and about 500,000 of them have allegedly murdered by the Indonesian state in the past 50 <a href=\"https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2014\/01\/the-human-tragedy-of-west-papua\/\">years<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the regional level, the\nPacific Islands Forum (PIF) walks a tightrope. Since 2000, it has raised concerns\nabout human rights violations, but acknowledges Indonesia\u2019s sovereignty over\nWest Papua. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Discussions about West Papua\ncause anxiety for the Indonesian Government. In an attempt to strengthen its\npresence in the region and drown out talks about the issue, Jakarta has inserted\nitself in regional and sub-regional organisations, becoming a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forumsec.org\/dialogue-partners\/\">Forum Dialogue Partner<\/a> in 2001 and an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sbs.com.au\/news\/melanesia-takes-lead-on-future-west-papuan-peace\">Associate Member<\/a> of the\nMelanesian Spearhead Group (MSG) in 2015. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Pacific Elevation\ntherefore enhances Indonesia\u2019s presence and interests in the region, aims to\nincrease trade and suppresses any support for West Papua\u2019s demands for\nindependence. As icing on the diplomatic cake, in October 2019, Jakarta\nannounced its plan to set aside a Aus$1 billion endowment fund by 2021, from\nwhich Aus$60 million will be allocated as aid to Pacific island countries <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/world\/asia\/poverty-racked-indonesia-to-launch-pacific-focused-aid-program-20191021-p532ur.html\">annually<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indonesia\u2019s Pacific\nElevation should also be understood within the context of Indonesia\u2019s emergence\nas a Southeast Asian power with a growing economy,\na large population, a sizeable military, and a government determined to make\nits mark in domestic and international arenas. Under President Joko (\u201cJokowi\u201d)\nWidodo, Indonesia\u2019s foreign policy is framed around its Global Maritime Fulcrum\n(GMF) initiative, which aims to establish the country as a global maritime axis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is particularly significant given Indonesia\u2019s location between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, which have become geopolitically important in the wake of the contests for influence between the US and it allies on one hand, and China on the other. Jakarta takes advantage of that rivalry and emerging geopolitical trends such as the Indo-Pacific \u201cto establish sea connectivity, which will bring Indonesia closer to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thejakartapost.com\/amp\/academia\/2019\/03\/21\/new-era-of-indonesia-south-pacific-engagement.html?__twitter_impression=true\">South Pacific<\/a>.\u201d As part of this strategy, Jakarta has mapped Oceania into its sphere of influence and elevated its interests. In the process, it hopes to drown out any support for West Papuan independence. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As Pacific island governments embrace Indonesia, there is a need to ask: What\/who is being elevated in the Pacific Elevation?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"author label\">AUTHOR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tarcisius Kabutaulaka<\/strong> is an Associate Professor and Director of the Center for Pacific Islands Studies at the University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa. The views expressed here are his personal opinion.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In July 2019, at the inaugural Indonesian Exposition held in Auckland, New Zealand, Indonesia launched its \u2018Pacific Elevation\u2019, laying claim to a Pacific islands identity and touting its elevated engagement with the region. The event was attended by dignitaries including the foreign ministers of Australia, New Zealand and Indonesia plus representatives from some Pacific island<a href=\"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/indonesias-pacific-elevation-elevating-what-and-who\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;Indonesia&#8217;s &#8220;Pacific elevation&#8221;: Elevating what and who?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":6812,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[233,1757,247,1021,248],"tags":[344,1038,969],"class_list":["post-6802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-feature-series","category-geopolitics-diplomacy","category-indonesia-and-southeast-asia","category-pacific-outlook","category-png-and-the-pacific","tag-indonesia","tag-pacific-elevation","tag-pacific-islands"],"acf":[],"modified_by":null,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Indonesia&#039;s &quot;Pacific elevation&quot;: Elevating what and who? 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