{"id":8708,"date":"2021-11-01T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-01T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=8708"},"modified":"2023-08-08T19:04:46","modified_gmt":"2023-08-08T09:04:46","slug":"g20-leaders-talk-up-climate-action-but-avoid-real-commitments-casting-a-shadow-over-crucial-glasgow-talks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/g20-leaders-talk-up-climate-action-but-avoid-real-commitments-casting-a-shadow-over-crucial-glasgow-talks\/","title":{"rendered":"G20 leaders talk up climate action but avoid real commitments, casting a shadow over crucial Glasgow talks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

CAITLIN BYRNE<\/a> AND SUSAN HARRIS RIMMER<\/a>\u00a0| <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The G20 summit<\/a> in Rome concluded over the weekend with a disappointing outcome for Earth\u2019s climate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leaders of the world\u2019s wealthiest countries, including Australia\u2019s Prime Minister Scott Morrison, failed to reach a commitment to phase out fossil fuels. And the meeting\u2019s final communique did not include<\/a> a commitment to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G20 leaders made significant strides to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic, especially on global vaccine targets<\/a>. They also struck an agreement<\/a> that will mean profits of large multinational companies pay more tax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But breakthrough leadership on climate change was missing. This outcome does not bode well for the Glasgow talks \u2013 the world\u2019s last hope for keeping the 1.5\u2103 global warming limit within reach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"two
G20 leaders, including Australia\u2019s Scott Morrison and the UK\u2019s Boris Johnson, failed to reach a commitment to phase out fossil fuels. AP<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

No timeline for coal exit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The G20 meeting was seen as a crucial precursor to the COP26 negotiations. But while world leaders agreed substantial action was needed to stay within 1.5\u2103 of global warming, they made few real commitments to meeting that target.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Going into the G20, Morrison was under pressure, after US President Joe Biden on Saturday described Australia\u2019s handling of the cancelled French submarine deal as \u201cclumsy\u201d. And in the months leading to the talks, both the US<\/a> and United Kingdom<\/a> had called on Australia to up its climate ambition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Days before leaving to attend the summit, Morrison struck a deal with the Nationals for Australia to adopt a target of net-zero emissions by 2050.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Rome talks, however, failed to set a concrete 2050 target for all G20 nations \u2013 instead underlining the importance of reaching the target by or around the middle of the century. This phrasing meets the positions of China<\/a> and Saudi Arabia<\/a>, which don\u2019t plan to reach net zero until 2060.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"city
China has pledged to reach net-zero emissions until 2060. Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Morrison\u2019s commitment to net-zero emissions by 2050 was welcomed by some, and scrutinised by others, particularly for lack of detail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UK Climate Change Committee chair John Gummer said<\/a> international pressure \u201csqueezed out\u201d a net-zero pledge from Morrison, and the plan lacked the action necessary to meet the target.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Major global news outlets have labelled Morrison\u2019s plan \u201chollow<\/a>\u201d and \u201chard to believe\u201d. CNN called<\/a> Australia \u201cthe rich world\u2019s weakest link at COP26\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In his closing statement at the G20, Morrison talked up the nation\u2019s record on emissions reduction and sought to justify his government\u2019s \u201ctechnology not taxes\u201d approach to climate action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He promoted the case for emerging technologies, saying many existed now. He conceded some technologies were not yet invented, but likened the challenge to development of the COVID-19 vaccine which \u201cdidn\u2019t exist two years ago\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Morrison\u2019s focus on technology appeared to resonate. G20 leaders agreed to \u201ccooperate on the deployment and dissemination of zero or low carbon emission and renewable technologies, including sustainable bioenergy, to enable a transition towards low-emission power systems\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But he was left disappointed. The G20\u2019s final communique failed to put a timeline on the phase-out, instead saying it should be done \u201cas soon as possible\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unsurprisingly, Australia pushed back on coal phase-outs, alongside<\/a> India and China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, small steps towards phasing out coal were achieved. Leaders accepted the G7 position to end international public finance for \u201cnew unabated coal power generation abroad by the end of 2021\u201d. But this commitment does not address existing coal plants, and it means coal can still be burned<\/a> with carbon capture and storage technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now to COP26<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Australia\u2019s overall contribution to the G20 was low-key. In a defiant statement<\/a> about climate policy issued last week, Morrison declared the nation \u201cwon\u2019t be lectured by others who do not understand Australia\u201d. On this, Morrison may regard the G20 as a success, for it required few concessions to Australia\u2019s position on climate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Morrison enjoyed some positive moments at the G20, including a bilateral meeting with Indonesian President Joko Widodo. This resulted in a joint statement<\/a> on cooperation on the green economy and energy transition \u2013 an important move that advances the bilateral relationship while recognising the significance of Indonesia\u2019s forthcoming G20 presidency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But that high note was overshadowed when French President Emmanuel Macron claimed<\/a> Morrison lied to him about cancelling the major French submarine contract.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The comments deepen the rift between Australia and France. Heading into COP26, this could cause Australia issues with coalitions such as the G7, the OECD and the European Union, where France is a major player.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Of course, there\u2019s still room for diplomatic pressure and progress on climate action in Glasgow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There, attention will turn towards national pledges for emissions reduction by 2030 and the action required to meet them. Australia\u2019s 2030 target lags almost all developed countries, and we are one of very few<\/a> rich nations not to ramp up its 2030 target since the Paris Agreement six years ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Macron has declared<\/a> \u201c2030 is the new 2050\u201d. On that score, Australia is likely to feel the heat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

AUTHORS<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Professor Caitlin Byrne<\/a> is the Director of the Griffith Asia Insitute<\/a>. and Professor Susan Harris Rimmer<\/a> is the Director of the Policy Innovation Hub and Griffith Asia Institute member.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This article first appeared at The Conversation<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CAITLIN BYRNE AND SUSAN HARRIS RIMMER\u00a0| The G20 summit in Rome concluded over the weekend with a disappointing outcome for Earth\u2019s climate. Leaders of the world\u2019s wealthiest countries, including Australia\u2019s Prime Minister Scott Morrison, failed to reach a commitment to phase out fossil fuels. And the meeting\u2019s final communique did not include a commitment to achieving net-zero carbon emissions 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In this, an election year, I examine the status of our most important international relationships. 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