{"id":9687,"date":"2023-04-19T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-18T22:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/?p=9687"},"modified":"2023-08-07T10:53:01","modified_gmt":"2023-08-07T00:53:01","slug":"southeast-asia-snapshot-48","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/testblogs.griffith.edu.au\/asiainsights\/southeast-asia-snapshot-48\/","title":{"rendered":"Southeast Asia snapshot #48"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

SOVINDA PO<\/a> | <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Myanmar military dissolved Aung San Suu Kyi\u2019s party<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

The military junta in Myanmar  dissolved<\/a> the former leader Aung San Suu Kyi\u2019s party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), on 29 March 2023 due to their failure to register<\/a> for the national election.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In January, the military gave political parties two months to re-register under its new electoral law and subsequently extended its state of emergency by six months thus pushing back the possible date for a fresh election. Despite the election\u2019s extension<\/a> and with no clear date set for the poll, Myanmar\u2019s military-controlled electoral commission dissolved the NLD along with 39 other political parties<\/a>. Although 63 parties had registered<\/a> at the local or national level, an election held without the participation of the NLD\u2014which won the 2020 polls in a landslide\u2014would likely see the military backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) sweep to<\/a> victory.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some believed the election could turn out to be the bloodiest in the country\u2019s recent history<\/a> as the majority of the population fiercely opposes<\/a> going to an election which would legitimize the military\u2019s claims to power. The United States condemned the dissolution<\/a> of the 40 political parties and believed an election held by the military government would not be free nor fair<\/a>. Despite the junta chief\u2019s (Min Aung Hlaing) urging of international critics to support his efforts to restore democracy<\/a>, the deposed NLD lawmakers do not accept<\/a> that an election should be held after many political leaders and activists have been arrested and tortured<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

With the NLD\u2019s dissolution and full control over any future election, the military government will be able to move forward to gain electoral victory however with limited legitimacy given the circumstances.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malaysia\u2019s parliament voted to abolish the death penalty<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Malaysia\u2019s lower house<\/a> voted in favour of removing the country\u2019s mandatory death sentences<\/a> for serious offences, along with lifelong imprisonment, on 3 April 2023, in an effort to respect each individual\u2019s right to life. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The reform would apply to 34 offenses<\/a> that would result in the death penalty, including<\/a> murder, drug trafficking, kidnapping, and acts of terrorism, giving the chance of sparing more than 1,300 prisoners on death row<\/a>. However, alternative forms of punishment including whipping and imprisonment<\/a> for up to 30 \u2013 40 years would be enforced. The bill will proceed to the upper house for review<\/a> where it is expected to be approved<\/a> to become law after receiving royal assent. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many showed their support for the abolishment viewing it as an important breakthrough<\/a>. Others saw this approach as a good first step forward toward the total abolition<\/a> of capital punishment. Human rights groups have hailed the reform<\/a>, hoping that Malaysia would encourage other neighbouring countries to do the same. However, opposition lawmakers viewed it as unfair towards the victim\u2019s families<\/a> who wanted retribution for the loss of their loved ones<\/a>. With this reform, the Malaysian Deputy Law Minister lauded the country\u2019s commitment to always renewing and improving legislation<\/a> and justice in Malaysia while Amnesty International hoped Malaysia\u2019s Senate would make these reforms a reality<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malaysia may become the third country in Southeast Asia<\/a> to abolish the death penalty, after Cambodia and the Philippines, and it is highly expected that the bill would become law soon.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Philippines announced the locations of 4 bases to be used by the US military<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Following an agreement in February 2023 between Manila and Washington to allow the US access to four additional military bases<\/a> in the Philippines, the Philippines disclosed the locations<\/a> of these bases to the public.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The sites<\/a> are the Camilo Osias naval base in Sta Ana, Cagayan; Lal-lo Airport in Lal-lo, Cagayan; Camp Melchor Dela Cruz in Gamu, Isabela; and Balabac Island in Palawan. The base locations in Isabela and Cagayan are facing north towards Taiwan<\/a> while the base in Palawan is located near the Spratly Islands<\/a> in the South China Sea. The US access to these bases will allow Washington and Manila to counter China\u2019s growing assertiveness<\/a> in the region.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Pentagon believed these locations will strengthen the interoperability<\/a> of the US and the Philippine Armed Forces allowing them to respond to challenges more seamlessly<\/a> in the Indo-Pacific. Some believed there will be an increase of rotational forces in the region<\/a> while others saw the US access to the four bases as a suitable and mutual benefit<\/a> that can boost the disaster response of the Philippines. Although Beijing had not commented<\/a> on this recent announcement, China has been critical of the 2014 Enhanced Defence Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) between the US and the Philippines,<\/a> viewing it as an effort to encircle and contain<\/a> Beijing. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The new bases will allow the US easier maneuverability near the South China Sea and Taiwan, while Washington\u2019s military presence in Manila will strengthen the Philippines\u2019 security in the Indo-Pacific.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Pheu Thai party confirmed Thaksin\u2019s daughter as one of the PM candidates<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Thailand\u2019s main opposition party \u2013 the Pheu Thai party \u2013 confirmed<\/a> on 5 April 2023 that Paetongtarn Shinawatra, the daughter of the ousted former leader Thaksin Shinawatra, would be one of its prime ministerial candidates<\/a> for the upcoming general election. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paetongtarn was among two others<\/a>, property tycoon Srettha Thavisin and former attorney-general and party strategist Chaikasem Nitisiri, who have been nominated as Pheu Thai\u2019s prime ministerial candidates. Despite leading in recent opinion polls<\/a>, the Pheu Thai party has yet to confirm<\/a> that Paetongtarn is its final choice for prime ministerial candidate. However, she is seen as the front-runner for the position<\/a> due to her popularity over her electoral rivals including the current Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-o-cha and his deputy Prawit Wongsuwon \u2013 both former generals who led the 2014 coup to oust Yingluck Shinawatra, Thaksin\u2019s sister. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Paetongtarn pledged to take back democracy and bring prosperity<\/a> to Thailand. Despite being 8 months pregnant, she also admitted that it will be a challenge but pledged to communicate<\/a> with the people as much as possible. While Prime Minister Prayut touted that the country needs experienced people who know how to do the job<\/a>, others were surprised at how fast<\/a> she earned voters, especially among the younger population. Paetongtarn is the youngest of Thaksin\u2019s three children and managed the hotel branch of the family\u2019s real estate business before moving into politics. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although the Pheu Thai party has yet to confirm Ms Paetongtarn as its prime ministerial candidate, and could still promote the less controversial candidate Srettha to avoid perceptions of maintaining overly close links to Thaksin, she remains the most likely<\/a> prime ministerial candidate to represent Pheu Thai in the Thai general election that is set to be held on 14 May 2023<\/a>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

AUTHOR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovinda<\/strong> Po<\/strong> is a Research Assistant at the Griffith Asia Institute<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SOVINDA PO | Myanmar military dissolved Aung San Suu Kyi\u2019s party  The military junta in Myanmar  dissolved the former leader Aung San Suu Kyi\u2019s party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), on 29 March 2023 due to their failure to register for the national election.   In January, the military gave political parties two months to 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